中国临床心理学杂志

生活目的测验(PIL)在大学生中的应用及其信、效度研究

作者：肖蓉张小远赵久波李建明

分类号：R395.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2009,17(3):309-311

摘要：

目的：对生活目的测验(PIL)在国内大学生中的应用及信、效度进行研究。方法：1171名大学生使用生活目的量表(PIL)、SCL-90及幸福感指数量表进行施测，140名大学生使用PIL进行重测。结果：因素分析表明PIL可分为生活感受、生活目标、生命态度和自主感四个因子。信度分析表明，PIL总量表的分半信度为0.783，总量表及四个因子的α系数分别为0.878、0.860、0.809、0.270、0.406。总量表及四个因子的重测信度分别为0.837、0.849、0.630、0.314、0.728。以幸福感指数得分、SCL-90总分和抑郁因子分为外部效标，效标相关系数分别为0.768、-0.510和-0.560，效标与各因子均相关显著(r=-0.240～0.787，P＜0.01)。项目效度评价PIL各条目与总分之间的相关均有显著性(r=0.192～0.748，P＜0.01)。各因子分与总分的相关显著(r=0.415～0.933，P＜0.01)。大学生PIL总分为105.74±15.33，不同性别、是否独生子女，不同年龄的大学生PIL总分无差异。但在生命态度和自主感因子上，男生较女生更为乐观，更具自主感(P＜0.01)，在生活感受因子上，独生子女大学生较非独生子女大学生更快乐、积极(P＜0.05)。结论：PIL在中国大学生中应用具有良好的信、效度，其内部结构良好，具有良好的应用价值。

Objective: To research the usability of the purpose-in-life test (PIL) for Chinese university students and evaluate the test’ s reliability and validity. Methods: 1171 University students were measured by PIL, SCL-90 and Index of Well-being, and 140 University students were retested by PIL. Results: PIL had four factors (life feeling, life goal, life attitude and self-control) which were extracted by factor analysis. The split half reliability was 0.786, the Cronbach α-co- efficient of PIL and the four factors were 0.878, 0.860, 0.809, 0.270, 0.406 respectively. The test-retest reliability were 0.837, 0.849, 0.630, 0.314, 0.728. The scores of Index of Well-being, the total scores of SCL-90 and the factor of depression were used as external criterion;the criterion correlation coefficient were 0.769, -0.504, -0.560 respectively. The cor- relations between the criterion and the four factors were significant (r=-0.240~0.787, P<0.001). The correlations between every item and the total score of PIL were significant (r= 0.192~0.748, P<0.001). The correlations between the scores of factors and the total score of PIL were significant (r= 0.415 ~0.933, P<0.001). The students’ score of PIL was 105.74± 15.33. There was no difference in the total score of PIL in gender, only-child and age, but the factor score of life attitude and self-control of male was higher than of female(P<0.001) and the factor score of life-feeling of the only-child was higher than that of the non-only-child (P<0.001). Conclusion: PIL has good reliability and validity in the application of Chi- nese university students.

基金项目：

广东省教育科学“十一五”规划2007年度立项项目(07SJY004)

作者简介：

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