中国临床心理学杂志

中学生生活事件、自我效能与焦虑抑郁情绪的关系

作者：马伟娜徐华

分类号：R395.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2006,14(3):303-305

摘要：

目的：探讨中学生自我效能的特点及其与生活事件、焦虑抑郁情绪之间的关系。方法：对274名初、高中学生进行青少年生活事件量表、一般自我效能量表、焦虑自评量表和抑郁自评量表的测试。结果：①中学生自我效能存在显著的性别差异(t=3.20，P=0.002)，女生的自我效能较低。②相关分析显示中学生生活事件与焦虑、抑郁呈显著正相关，而自我效能与生活事件、焦虑及抑郁呈显著负相关。③多元回归分析显示自我效能、生活事件总分、生活事件中人际关系因子分进入焦虑、抑郁的回归方程，β系数分别为-0.402，0.178，0.166。④路径分析表明自我效能在生活事件和情绪之间起着部分中介作用，路径系数为0.07-0.08。结论：中学生生活事件与自我效能、情绪的关系密切；生活事件对情绪的影响，不仅仅通过生活事件本身，还要通过自我效能起作用。

Objective: To explore the relationship between life events, and self-efficacy and emotion in middle school students. Methods: Two hundred and seventy-four middle school students were surveyed by ASLEC (Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List), GSES(General Self-Efficacy Scale), SAS(Self-Rating Anxiety Scale) and SDS(Self-Rating Depression Scale). Results: The mean scores of life events had no significant differences between males and females. There were significant gender differences in self-efficacy, females were poorer than males, but not in anxiety and depression. Life events were significantly positively correlated to anxiety and depression. Self-efficacy was significantly negatively correlated to anxiety and depression. Stepwise regression analysis revealed that life events scores, self-efficacy and personal relationship scores were significant predictors of anxiety and depression. Self-efficacy occupies more rates than life event scores and personal relationship scores to influence both anxiety and depression. Path analysis indicated self-efficacy was an important mediater of life events and emotion. Conclusion: Life events and self-efficacy are widely significantly correlated to anxiety and depression of middle school students. Life events not only have direct effect on emotion, but also are mediated by self-efficacy.

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