中国临床心理学杂志

5-9岁儿童对不同疾病病因的认知及干预的影响

作者：陈华¹ 2 朱莉琪¹ 孟月海¹ 2

单位：1. 中国科学院心理研究所北京 100101
2. 中国科学院研究生院北京 100039

关键词：儿童疾病病因朴素生物学

分类号：R179

出版年,卷(期):页码：2009,17(5):595-597

摘要：

目的：探查5-9岁儿童对疾病病因的认知及干预对病因认知的影响。方法：选用儿童常见疾病，设计故事情景来考察儿童对疾病病因的认知，并且通过适当的干预，探测干预对儿童病因认知的影响。结果：5岁和7岁儿童主要用行为原因解释疾病，9岁儿童主要用生物学原因解释疾病，少部分5岁儿童用心理原因解释疾病；学前儿童并非用“传染”解释所有疾病；年龄越大的儿童越能认识到疾病发生的多因性；干预后的5岁学前儿童对病因认知水平显著提高。结论：5，7，9岁三组之间对常见病的病因和病因类别数目的认知差异显著；5岁儿童对传染性疾病和非传染性疾病的病因解释差异显著；核心领域知识促进儿童的疾病认知。

Objective:The study investigated 5-9-year-old children'srecognization of the causes of familiar diseases and the effect of intervention.Methods:Different scenarios and small group intervention were used to interview subjects.Results:Children of 5 to 7-year-old mainly used behavioral reasons to explain the causes of diseases; 9-year-old children mostly employed biological reasons;not all the preschool children used contagion to explain all diseases; older children increasingly realized the multiplicity of illness causes; there was an intervention effect.Conclusion:There was significant difference among the explanations of different age groups. 5-year-old children'sexplanations of the causes of contagious and non-contagious diseases were different; Specific knowledge could improve preschoolers’ recognization of causes of illness and their probabilities.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金(30570615)资助

作者简介：

参考文献：

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