中国临床心理学杂志

小学儿童表征模型的使用及其与表征水平的关系

作者：仲宁宁¹ 陈英和² 王晶²

单位：1. 北京青年政治学院社会工作系北京 100102
2. 北京师范大学发展心理研究所北京 100875

关键词：小学儿童表征水平表征模型

分类号：B842.3

出版年,卷(期):页码：2009,17(5):588-591

摘要：

目的：考察学生在理解阶段和执行阶段使用表征模型的情况，并考察表征水平对表征模型使用的影响。方法：运用实验法对某普通小学的158名4～6年级学生进行应用题改写任务和缩写任务，以及长方形面积任务。结果：①随着年级的升高，学生在理解阶段依然都选用情境模型，而在执行阶段则越来越多选用问题模型；②表征水平越高，学生在理解阶段更多采用情境模型表征问题，在执行阶段更多采用问题模型表征问题。结论：个体对问题的表征取决于问题解决所处的阶段，表征水平对表征模型的选择具有重要的影响作用。

Objective:To explore students’ representational model in apprehensive phase and in executive phase,and the representational level in math word problems and its influence on representational model.Methods:Rewriting task, abbreviation task and rectangle area task were administered to 158 students from the fourth to sixth grade by experiment method.Results:①With the increasing of the grades, situation model was still used in apprehensive phase and problem model was much more used in executive phase; ②The higher representation level was, the more situation model was used in apprehensive phase and the more problem model was used in executive phase.Conclusion:Representation model is based on phase of problem solving, and influenced by representation level.

基金项目：

全国教育科学规划国家重点项目(ABA050001);国家自然科学基金项目(30770729);北京市哲学社会科学规划项目(06BaJY010);北京市教育科学十一五规划课题(ACA08017)

作者简介：

参考文献：

[1] Kintsch W.Comprehension:A paradigm for cognition.Cambridge:Cambridge University Press,1998
[2] Staub FC,Reusser K.The role of presentational structures in understanding and solving mathematical word problems.In Weaver CA III,Manner S,Fletcher CR.Discourse comprehension.Essays in honor of Walter Kintsch.Hillsdale . NJ:Lawrence Erlbaum,1995.285-305
[3] Sternberg RJ,Talia BZ.The nature of mathematical thinking.Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,1996.27-79
[4] 辛自强.关系-表征复杂性模型的检验.心理学报,2003,35(4):504-513
[5] Hsin-Mei EH.The impact of context on children' s performance in solving everyday mathematical problems with real-world settings.Journal of Research in Childhood Education,2004,18(4):278
[6] 仲宁宁,陈英和,王明怡,李慧.小学二年级数学学优生与学困生应用题表征策略差异比较.中国特殊教育,2006,3:63-68
[7] Woodwar J,Montague M.Meeting the challenge of mathematics reform for students with learning disabilities.Paper presented at the annual meeting of the council for exce ptional children. Vancouver. Canada,2000
[8] 傅小兰,何海东.问题表征过程的一项研究.心理学报,1995,27(1):204-210

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】