中国临床心理学杂志

孕妇的依恋类型与社会支持

单位：1. 北京大学心理学系北京100871
2. 西安兵器工业521卫生研究所陕西西安710065
3. 石家庄市妇幼保健院
4. 北京市宣武妇幼保健院
5. 天津汉沽妇幼保健所
6. 北京大学第一医院妇产科

关键词：依恋类型社会支持孕妇

分类号：R395.6

出版年,卷(期):页码：2011,19(4):512-514

摘要：

目的：探讨孕妇的依恋类型、社会支持及两者之间的关系。方法：采用关系问卷(RQ)和亲密关系经历量表(ECR)中文版，以及社会支持量表，对1070名孕妇进行问卷调查。结果：①孕妇的依恋类型分布：安全型64.0%、轻视型17.8%、倾注型14.2%、害怕型4.1%；②四种依恋类型的孕妇在"主观支持"得分上没有显著性差异，但在"客观支持"得分上，安全型(10.39±3.47)显著高于轻视型(9.21±3.11)、倾注型(9.20±3.08)和害怕型(9.17±3.73，F(3，1030)=9.83，P<0.01)。在"支持利用度"得分上，安全型(8.32±1.92)显著高于轻视型(7.64±1.86)、倾注型(7.57±1.70)和害怕型(7.60±1.95，F(3，1030)=11.51，P<0.05)。③依恋回避与"支持利用度"(r=-0.205，P<0.01)和"总的社会支持"(r=-0.230，P<0.01)呈显著负相关。④依恋焦虑与"客观支持"(r=-0.111，P<0.01)、"总的社会支持"(r=-0.123，P<0.01)均呈显著负相关。

Objective:explore the relationship of adult attachment with social support in pregnant women.Methods:Relationship Questionnaire(RQ) and Experience of Close Relationships(ECR) Inventory were used to measure participants’adult attachment.Social support scale was used to measure subjects’ social support.Results:①Distribution of adult attachmentstyle in pregnant women were:64.0% secure,17.8% dismissing,14.2% preoccupied and 4.1% fearful.②Therewere no significant differences among four attachment groups on ‘subjective support’;but secure participants （10.39±3.47） got significant higher score on ‘objective support’ than dismissing（9.21±3.11）,preoccupied(9.20±3.08) and fearful（9.17±3.73,F＝9.83,P<0.01）;Moreover,secure participants（8.32±1.92） got significant higher score on ‘support availability’than dismissing （7.64±1.86）,preoccupied （7.57±1.70）and fearful （7.60±1.95,F （3,1064）＝11.51,P<0.05）.③Score ofadult avoidance had negative correlations with ‘support availability’（r=-0.205,P<0.01） and ‘total score of social support’（r =-0.230,P<0.01）.④Attachment anxiety had negative correlations with ‘objective support’（r =-0.111,P<0.01）and ‘total score of social support’（r=-0.123,P<0.01）.

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