中国临床心理学杂志

从吸毒到戒毒:强制隔离戒毒人员吸戒毒心理过程的定性研究

单位：1 湖南司法警官职业学院长沙 410131
2 中南大学公共卫生学院社会医学系长沙 410011
3 湖南省新开铺强制隔离戒毒所长沙 410009

关键词：吸毒戒毒定性研究

分类号：R395.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2014,22(5):812-815

摘要：

目的:研究吸毒者从不吸毒到吸毒、从吸毒到戒毒的心理过程,重点探讨"为什么吸毒"和"如何戒毒"两个问题。方法:选取某强戒所16名戒毒学员进行深度访谈,运用扎根理论的方法对访谈结果进行分析。结果:1吸毒者受教育情况、工作情况、社会交往等不容乐观,且吸毒行为往往只是其众多问题行为中的一种,在吸毒之前,吸毒者已然存在其他的问题行为;2吸毒给吸毒者造成严重的影响和痛苦,吸毒者被迫或主动戒毒,但都以失败结束。心瘾是阻碍戒毒的关键因素。结论:1导致一个人走上吸毒之路的原因,不仅是当前环境的因素,以及对毒品的好奇、无知等浅层次的心理因素,吸毒行为背后有更深层的原因;2戒毒的心理矫治中,吸毒者的认知转变、内隐认知的转变是突破口。

Objective:To explore the mental process of addicts from drug use to drug abstinence, with focus on“reasons for drug use” and“how to abstain from drugs”. Methods:16 drug addicts under compulsory rehabilitation were selected, data was collected through in-depth interviews and analyzed in the method of the grounded theory. Results:①Before the drug abuse, other problems, physical or psychological problems has been existing, which may lead to drug abuse. ②Drug abuse gives rise to cognitive dissonance, that is the difference between drug taking and the harm of drug. Then the drug ad dicts often take incorrect methods to solve the imbalance. Conclusion: ①The cause of drug abuse is not only a factor in the current environment, as well as the drug curiosity, shallow ignorance of psychological factors, drug abuse behavior behind the deeper reason. ②Changing cognition and implicit cognition of drug addicts is the breakthrough of psychological treat ment of drug abuse.

基金项目：

湖南省教育科学“十二五”规划2013年度课题(XJK013CXL001);中国博士后科学基金(2013M540645)

作者简介：

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