中国临床心理学杂志

初生至三岁婴幼儿父母严厉管教的基本特点

作者：王美芳刘宪琪刘莉马月

分类号：R395.6

出版年,卷(期):页码：2017,25(5):949-954

摘要：

目的：考察我国初生至三岁婴幼儿父母严厉管教的基本特点。方法：采用Straus编制的亲子冲突解决策略量表对720名初生至三岁婴幼儿的父母进行测查。结果：①过去一年内有一半以上的父母对婴幼儿实施过心理攻击和体罚，实施的平均次数分别为6.91次、5.29次。②严厉管教更可能发生在男孩和3岁儿童身上，且更可能由母亲以及较低家庭社会经济地位的父母实施。③父母实施心理攻击和体罚的普遍性及实施心理攻击的频繁性均随婴幼儿年龄的增长而上升；实施体罚的频繁性在婴幼儿24个月之前呈上升趋势，随后缓慢下降。④在父母体罚发生的频繁性上，婴幼儿年龄和家庭社会经济地位的交互作用显著。⑤父母心理攻击和体罚的发生具有共存性。结论：在中国，大多数初生至三岁婴幼儿频繁的遭受过父母严厉管教，其发生情况与个体和家庭因素有关。

Objective: To examine the characteristics of parental harsh discipline on children from birth to age three in China. Methods: 720 parents of birth to three-year-old children completed the Parent-Child Conflict Tactics Scale. Results: ①Over the past year, more than half of the parents had used psychological aggression(PA) and corporal punishment (CP) toward their children, and the implementation of the average number is 6.91 times, 5.29 times, respectively. ②Harsh discipline was most likely directed at boys or children aged 3 years; and committed by mothers or low socioeconomic status (SES) parents. ③The prevalence of PA or CP and the frequency of PA increased with children's age, while the frequency of CP first increased and then decreased with children's age. ④With respect to the frequency of parental CP, the children's age was crossed with SES. ⑤PA was often coexisted with CP. Conclusion: In China, most children from birth to age three have been subjected to parental harsh discipline, which is associated with individual and family factors.

基金项目：

本研究受到国家自然科学基金项目资助(31571133)

作者简介：

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