中国临床心理学杂志

深圳市社区老人轻度认知障碍的认知变化特点及影响因素

作者：邱月虹关青王晶李馨谭雅纹罗跃嘉

单位：1. 深圳大学心理与社会学院深圳 518060 2. 北京师范大学认知神经科学与学习国家重点实验北京 100875 3. 深圳市情绪与社会认知科学重点实验室深圳 518060

分类号：R395.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2018,26(2):313-317

摘要：

目的：探讨深圳市社区老年人MCI发病情况及认知功能变化特点，并探索其发病影响因素。方法：使用简易智力状态检查量表、日常生活能力量表、老年抑郁量表及成套认知行为测验，测查267名社区老年人（平均年龄为65.68岁（s=6.16）。结果：①在最终入组的239人中，65人被诊断为MCI，患病率为27.2%。②MCI发病率的年龄差异显著，年龄越高越易引发MCI；患有睡眠障碍、糖尿病以及吸烟的老年人更易引发MCI；Logistic回归分析表明教育水平越高的老年人其MCI发病概率越低。③一般能力测试中MCI组MMSE得分显著低于正常组；记忆领域MCI组各项成绩均显著低于正常组；MCI组R-O模仿、SDMT及语言流畅性成绩均显著低于正常组。结论：深圳市社区老年人MCI患病率较高，患者的语言、注意、执行功能等认知领域呈现随增龄而下降的趋势。教育水平、年龄、睡眠、吸烟及慢性病是MCI发病的影响因素。

Objective:To investigate the incidence of mild cognitive impairment(MCI) and its cognitive functions in el-derly people in Shenzhen, and explore the influencing factors on MCI. Methods:Using simple mental state examination scale, activities of daily living scale, geriatric depression scale and a set of cognitive behavioral tests to survey 267 old peo-ple in Shenzhen Baoan & Nanshan district. Results:①There were 65 MCI patients among the 267 elderly people, and the incidence rate was 27.2%. ②The age difference of incidence of MCI was significant. In addition, sleep quality, smoking and whether diabetes mellitus showed significant differences. Through Logistic regression analysis, the influence of education level on the incidence of MCI was more obvious. ③The MMSE score of MCI group was lower than that of normal group in general ability test, the scores of memory domain of MCI group were significantly lower than that of normal group. The MCI group's imitation scores, SDMT scores and language fluency scores were significantly lower than those in the normal group. Conclusion:The prevalence rate of MCI in senior citizens in Shenzhen is higher, and the cognitive domains such as lan-guage, attention and executive function are obviously decreasing with age. Education level, age, quality of sleep, smoking and chronic diseases were the factors influencing the incidence of MCI.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金资助项目：社区正常老化及轻度认知障碍的多维评估与实证研究（No：31571129）；国家自然科学基金青年基金项目（项目号：31500922）

作者简介：

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