中国临床心理学杂志

极端环境下作业人员心理枯竭量表的编制

作者：李亚南¹ 2 高红梅³ 许燕¹ 2 王芳¹ 2 叶勇豪⁴

单位：1. 北京师范大学心理学院北京 100875
2. 北京师范大学应用实验心理北京市重点实验室北京 100875
3. 河北大学教育学院心理系保定 071002
4. 司法部预防犯罪研究所北京 100020

关键词：极端环境心理枯竭信度效度

分类号：R395.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2016,24(3):433-437

摘要：

目的：探索极端环境下作业人员这一特殊职业群体的心理枯竭特征与结构，进行量表编制。方法：依据文献研究、访谈资料和专家评定建构极端环境下作业人员心理枯竭的五维度理论结构，形成初始项目。通过项目分析、因素分析和可靠性分析形成正式量表。结果：极端环境下作业人员心理枯竭量表共28题，包含生理疲乏、情绪麻木、认知衰竭、人际渴求和价值迷茫五个维度；总量表及各维度的内部一致性信度为0.67~0.92，分半信度为0.72~0.89；验证性因素分析表明量表具有较好的结构效度（χ²/df=2.89，NFI=0.94，CFI=0.96，RMSEA=0.07），问卷总分与各维度得分（r=0.42~0.83）及各维度得分之间（r=0.06~0.80）显著相关；除“价值迷茫“分维度外，问卷各维度与效标显著相关（r=0.11~0.58）。结论：极端环境下作业人员心理枯竭量表与预期的理论结构一致，信效度指标良好，可作为极端或特殊环境下作业人员心理枯竭研究的测评工具。

Objective: To develop the structure of Psychological Burnout Scale on Workers in Extreme Environment and test its reliability and validity.Methods: Based on literatures,interviews and expert evaluation,we explored the five-dimensional structure,designed its scale and then tested it via item analysis,factor analysis and reliability analysis.Results: The Psychological Burnout Scale on Workers in Extreme Environment consisted of 28 items,including five dimensions:physical fatigue,emotion numb,cognitive exhaustion,interpersonal craving,and value confusing.The internal consistency of the scale and the five dimensions were 0.67-0.92,and the corrected spilt-half coefficients were 0.72-0.89.The confirmatory factor analysis showed that the scale had good construct validity (χ²/df=2.89,NFI=0.94,CFI=0.96,RMSEA=0.07).There were significantly positive correlations between total score and five dimensions (0.42-0.83) and among dimensions (0.06-0.80).Excluding the value confusion,other four dimensions were significantly correlated with the criterion scales (0.11-0.58).Conclusion: The scale has good reliability and validity,and can be applied to measure the psycho-burnout of the staffs working in the extreme environment.

基金项目：

国家自然科学基金资助项目（91024005）

作者简介：

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