中国临床心理学杂志

情绪对ADHD倾向儿童时距估计与厌恶延迟的影响

作者：马惠霞宫然杨琼朱雅丽刘瑞凝

单位：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地天津师范大学心理与行为研究院国民心理健康评估与促进协同创新中心天津 300074

分类号：R395.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2016,24(3):389-394

摘要：

目的：了解ADHD倾向儿童与正常儿童时距估计和厌恶延迟的差异，分析情绪效价及唤醒度对ADHD倾向儿童时距估计和厌恶延迟水平的影响。方法：采用选择延迟任务范式和言语报告法，比较了从天津市某小学三、四年级12个班筛选出的21名ADHD倾向儿童和21名正常对照儿童的时距估计和厌恶延迟水平，然后以不同效价和唤醒度的情绪图片插入ADHD倾向儿童延迟获得的等待时间间隔中，以判断情绪对ADHD倾向儿童的时距估计和厌恶延迟水平的影响。结果：ADHD倾向儿童对延迟任务的时距估计更长，存在厌恶延迟倾向；与消极情绪相比，积极情绪，特别是高唤醒积极情绪能够缩短ADHD倾向儿童的主观时距，在一定程度上改善ADHD儿童的厌恶延迟水平。结论：ADHD倾向儿童存在时距估计长、厌恶延迟的特点，但增加高唤醒度积极情绪可对之加以改善。

Objective: To explore the effects of emotional valence and arousal on temporal estimation and delay aversion in children with ADHD propensity.Methods: 21 children with ADHD propensity and 21 healthy controls recruited from four primary schools in Tianjin completed choice-delay task (CDT) and verbal estimation task.The performance was recorded as temporal estimation and delay aversion.Then affective pictures with different valence and arousal effects was inserted in longer interval to investigate the effects in temporal estimation and delay aversion.Results: Compared to healthy controls,children with ADHD propensity tended to overestimate the interval and presented delay aversion;compared to negative emotions,positive emotions,especially high arousal positive emotions reduced temporal estimation and delay aversion in children with ADHD propensity.Conclusion: Children with ADHD propensity tend to Temporal overestimate and delay aversion in children with ADHD propensity may be affected by positive emotional state.

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参考文献：

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