中国临床心理学杂志

中国母亲的孩子参照效应

作者：张静¹ 任孝鹏¹ 张力² 徐江¹ 3

单位：1. 中国科学院心理研究所北京 100101
2. 首都师范大学北京 100048
3. 中国科学院大学北京 100049

分类号：R395.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2016,24(5):775-779

摘要：

目的：采用自我参照效应范式探究中国母亲是否存在孩子参照效应。方法：采用五水平（自己、孩子、公众人物、简单任务和语义）的被试内设计，53位中国母亲（33.56±4.92岁，孩子的平均年龄3.94±2.50岁）参加了实验。结果：重复测量方差分析发现，孩子参照的再认正确率（M=0.64，SD=0.23）比自己参照的再认正确率（M=0.70，SD=0.20）低，但是比参照大众人物的再认正确率（M=0.56，SD=0.21）高；F（4，208）=37.24，P<0.01。孩子的年龄对孩子参照效应起调节作用，当孩子大于4岁的时候参照效应更加明显。结论：中国母亲在记忆上出现了孩子参照效应，将孩子认知为自我的一部分。且这种效应在拥有4岁以上孩子的母亲中更为明显。

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate whether Chinese mothers would show child-reference effect and whether or not child's age moderates this effect. Methods: The study recruited 53 mothers(age=33.56±4.92, children's age=3.94±2.50). A five(self, child, public character, font and semantic) within-subject design was used with self-reference effect paradigm. Results: The repeated ANOVA find that the recognition score for child-referent(M=0.64, SD=0.23) was lower than those of self-referent(M=0.70, SD=0.20), and higher than those of public-character-referent(M=0.56, SD=0.21);F(4,208)=37.24,P<0.01. And child's age moderated the child-reference effect, demonstrating that the child-reference effect was stronger when the child's age is over 4 than those less than 4. Conclusion: Chinese mother show child-reference effect on recognition condition. And it is much stronger when the child's age is over 4.

基金项目：

中国科学院科技服务网络计划（STS计划）（KFJ-EWSTS-088）；科技基础性工作专项资助项目（2009FY110100）；中国科学院心理所应急项目“中国人集体主义的心理地图”资助项目（Y4CX157009）

作者简介：

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