中国临床心理学杂志

大众偏见对医疗纠纷中归因和责任推断的影响

作者：瞿雯¹ 高隽¹ 官锐园²

单位：1. 复旦大学社会发展与公共政策学院心理学系上海 200433
2. 北京大学医学部北京 100083

分类号：R395.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2016,24(2):213-217

摘要：

目的：本研究旨在探讨医疗纠纷本身的性质和个体对医生的偏见如何影响个体对医疗纠纷事件的归因和责任推断。方法：采用2^*2混合设计的情境实验法，被试为107名大学生。结果：针对医生的外显和内隐偏见存在分离现象。被试更倾向于在医生无过错的情境中将归因指向环境和患者家属；仅情境性质（医生有vs.无过错）显著影响归因位置。情境性质显著影响归责；偏见和情境性质则均会影响对医生受罚的意向。结论：对医生的偏见在过错方明确的医疗纠纷中对归因和责任推断的影响不如情境性质，但一定程度上会影响惩罚意向。

Objective:This study aimed at exploring how prejudice and the nature of situations affected attribution and responsibility inference in doctor-patient disputes. Methods:This study applied a 2^*2 design with a scenario-based ap-proach in 107 undergraduates. Results:Participants showed a disassociation between explicit and implicit prejudice on the doctor, and tended to attribute to situation and patients' families if the doctors had no mistakes. On the Attribution Dimen-sion Scale, the power of situation was demonstrated in its overwhelming force regarding the location of attribution, where prejudice did not play such a significant role. Whether doctors should be punished was affected by both situation and preju-dice. Conclusion:These preliminary results demonstrates that the nature of situation is a source on the effect of attribution and responsibility inference in medical disputes, however, to a certain extent, prejudice against doctors also plays a signifi-cant role in the intention of punishing doctors.

基金项目：

作者简介：

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