中国临床心理学杂志

失独者心理弹性的潜在类别及其抑郁差异比较

单位：1. 中南大学湘雅护理学院护理心理学研究中心长沙 410013
2. 湖南农业大学教育学院长沙 411201

分类号：R395.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2016,24(1):139-143

摘要：

目的:了解失独者心理弹性的分类特点及不同类别间抑郁差异。方法:采用分层整群抽样,使用一般资料调查表、中文版Connor-Davidson心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)和Zung抑郁自评量表(SDS)对湖南省185名失独者进行入户调查。结果:①失独者的心理弹性可以分为3个潜在类别,分别为韧性-力量组(42.2%),一般弹性组(35.7%)和低韧性组(22.1%)。②Logistic回归分析结果显示,男性在韧性-力量组(OR=0.96)和一般弹性组(OR=0.77)所占比例更大,女性在低韧性组所占比例更大;城市或城镇失独者在韧性-力量组(OR=1.76)、一般弹性组(OR=2.47)所占比例更大;<60岁的失独者在在韧性-力量组(OR=0.79)、一般弹性组(OR=0.82)所占比例更大。③韧性-力量组抑郁得分显著低于其他两组(F=38.601,P=0.000),一般弹性组和低韧性组之间抑郁得分的差异没有显著统计学意义。结论:失独者的心理弹性有明显分类特征,不同潜在类别中性别、家庭所在地、年龄组有着不同分布。应及时关注和干预低韧性的、居住在农村、老龄的失独父母,以改善其抑郁情绪。

Objective: To explore the characteristics of only-child-died people's psychological resilience, and depression difference of each latent class.Methods: 185 only-child-loss people in Hunan province were selected by stratified random sampling were investigated by the Chinese version of Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CD-RISC), Chinese version of Zung Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS) and demographic questionnaire by household survey.Results: ①3 latent classes model of resilience was supported, including "tenacity-strength group"(42.2%), "general resilience group"(35.7%) and "low tenacity group(22.1%).②In Logistic regression analysis, males took a higher proportion in "tenacity-strength group"(OR=0.96) and "general resilient group"(OR=0.77), while females took a higher proportion in "low tenacity group".Urban residents took a higher proportion in "high resilient group"(OR=1.76) and "general resilient group"(OR=2.47).Bereaved parents aged less than 60 years took a higher proportion in "high resilient group"(OR=0.79) and "general resilient group"(OR=0.82).③The depression score of "tenacity-strength group" was significantly lower than the other two groups.Conclusion: Obvious grouping features of resilience appeared, and proportions of gender and family location differed in each latent class.Attention and initiates should be given to those low-tenacity, rural and old only-child loss people, especially bereaved mothers' depression status.

基金项目：

国家社会科学基金项目(14BSH137)

作者简介：

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