中国临床心理学杂志

自恋概念的结构及其与人格障碍倾向的关系

作者：王桂华訾非李杨

分类号：R395.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2015,23(6):996-1002

摘要：

目的:基于自恋的相关研究,以阳性自恋和阴性自恋为理论构想,编制大学生阴性-阳性自恋问卷,考查自恋概念的结构及其与人格障碍倾向的关系。方法:研究一首先编制了阴性-阳性自恋问卷,进行了结构效度和效标效度等检验。研究二以人格诊断问卷第四版(PDQ-4)和研究一编制的阴性-阳性自恋问卷为工具,检验自恋与人格障碍倾向之间的关系。结果:研究一获得了由28个项目组成,包含阳性和阴性自恋两个高阶因子的问卷。其中,阳性自恋包括“权力欲望”、“自私自大”和“自我关注”三个因子,阴性自恋包括“敏感脆弱”、“自我孤立”和“不满他人”三个因子。研究二的结果表明,阴性-阳性自恋与多数人格障碍倾向存在正相关。采用阴性自恋和阳性自恋两个变量进行K-Means聚类分析,可以把被试分成四种自恋类型,即成熟型、自负型、敏感型和矛盾型。其中矛盾型自恋者的人格障碍倾向最为明显。结论:大学阴性-阳性自恋人格问卷信效度指标符合心理测量学要求;可以从阴性-阳性自恋的角度理解人格障碍的程度和类型。

Objective: Depending on related studies on narcissism and based on the theoretical assumption of negative and positive narcissism, the Negative-Positive Narcissism Questionnaire for College Students was developed and its struc-ture and assotications with the personality disorder inclinations were examined. Methods: Study 1 developed the initiative items for the Negative-Positive Narcissism Questionnaire(NPNQ). Then explorative factor analyses and confirmative factor analysis and criterion-related validity were performed. The second study adopted the narcissism questionnaire developed in Study 1 and a personality disorder questionnaire(PDQ-4) to discover the relationship between narcissism and personality disorder inclinations. Results: The present study obtained a questionnaire consisting of 28-item, two higher-order factors. The positive factor included three sub-dimensions: desire for power, selfishness-grandioseness, and self-absorbtion. The negative factor included sensitiveness-vulnerableness, self-isolation, and dissatisfaction with others. The negative-positive narcissism was positively associated with most types of the personality disorder inclinations. With a K-means cluster analy-sis using the negative narcissism and the positive narcissism as the two variables, the sample students were able to be cate-gorized into four types: the matured type, the grandioes type, the sensitive type, and the conflict type. Conclusion: The reli-abilities and the validity features of the NPNQ meet the psychometrical requirements. The extents and the classifications of personality disorders can be understood from the perspective of negative-positive narcissism.

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