自传体记忆是人类独有的记忆系统,是自我将所经验到的事件与其观点、解释、评价整合而形成的对个人史的内在表征。它服从于个人目标,以此来定义“我”是谁,是自我记忆系统的核心部分。基于自传体记忆层级模型认为,创伤致使个体自传体记忆缺损,其语义记忆、情节记忆、感觉信息和情感无法整合到自传体记忆库中。当创伤威胁到语义记忆时,个体可能会产生许多与自我认同相关的问题;对情境化情节记忆的编码和整合失败会导致创伤性事件记忆的不完整和混乱;当感觉信息和情感未能与情节记忆和语义记忆进行整合时,创伤患者的记忆将以闯入性的意象为主要表征形式。此外,记忆评估也能在一定程度上影响个体对创伤的遗忘。

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