中国临床心理学杂志

状态焦虑和特质焦虑对青少年进食行为的影响: 自我控制的中介作用

单位：1. 中南大学湘雅二医院医学心理学研究所长沙410011
2. 长沙市实验中学长沙410008

分类号：R395.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2015,23(1):93-96

摘要：

目的: 比较状态焦虑和特质焦虑对青少年进食行为的影响,并考察自我控制在其中的中介作用。方法: 采用饮食行为问卷、状态-特质焦虑量表和自我控制量表对随机选取的264名中学生进行集体施测。结果: ①男生在限制性进食和情绪性进食上的得分显著低于女生(P <0.05),而在外因性进食和自我控制的得分上性别差异不显著(P >0.05)。②不同体重组在限制性进食上存在显著差异(P <0.01),而在情绪性进食、外因性进食和自我控制上差异不显著(P >0.05)。③状态焦虑、特质焦虑、自我控制和进食行为各维度之间显著相关。其中自我控制与其他几个因子之间均呈显著负相关(r =0.237~0.458,P <0.01),两种焦虑和进食行为各维度之间均呈显著正相关(r =0.197~0.321,P <0.01); ④自我控制在状态焦虑对进食行为的影响中起部分中介作用(P <0.05); 在特质焦虑影响进食行为的路径中中介作用不显著(P >0.05)。结论: 自我控制能部分中介状态焦虑对进食行为的影响,但不能中介特质焦虑对进食行为的影响。

Objective: To compare the effects of state anxiety and trait anxiety on adolescents' eating behavior, and test the mediation effects of self-control between them. Methods: Selected by random sampling, 264 middle and high school students completed the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the Self-Control Scale. Results: ①Boys scored lower than girls in restrained eating and emotional eating(P <0.05), while no significant gender difference was found in external eating and self-control(P >0.05); ②The difference in restrained eating was significant(P <0.01), while no significant difference in emotional eating, external eating and self-control were found among three weight groups (P >0.05). ③There were significant correlations among state anxiety, trait anxiety, self-control and three dimensions of eating behavior. Self-control was negatively related to state anxiety, trait anxiety and three dimensions of eating behavior(r = 0.237~0.458, P <0.01). State anxiety and trait anxiety were positively related to three dimensions of eating behavior(r = 0.197~0.321,P <0.01). ④Self-control was a partial mediator between state anxiety and eating behavior(P <0.05); Self-control was not a mediator between trait anxiety and eating behavior(P >0.05). Conclusion: Self-control partially mediated the effect of state anxiety on adolescents'eating behavior, and did not mediate the effect of trait anxiety.

基金项目：

湖南省哲学社会科学规划基金项目(13YBA340); 湖南省教育科学“十二五”规划课题(XJK014BXL007)

作者简介：

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