中国临床心理学杂志

Decision-making Deficient in Overweight and Obese Adolescents: Evidence from Door Open and Delay Discounting Tasks

作者：CHEN Gui¹ 2 CAI Tai-sheng¹ LI Zhi-hua¹ LIU Wen-li¹

单位：1. Medical Psychological Institute Second Xiangya Hospital Central South University Changsha 410011 China
2. Department of Social Medicine and Health Management School of Public Health Central South University Changsha 410078 China

关键词：Obese Overweight Adolescent Impulsivity Decision-making

分类号：R395.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2015,23(1):38-47

摘要：

目的: 评估超重或肥胖青少年(n=51,男30人,女21人)与正常体重青少年(n=52,男31人,女21人)是否存在冲动性差异。方法: 采用自我报告和行为测量相结合的方法来评估被试的冲动性。其中,开门任务(DOT)和延迟贴现任务(DDT)用于行为冲动性测量,Barratt冲动量表用于被试的冲动性特质测量。结果: 在两个行为测量任务中,超重和肥胖者较正常体重者表现出更高奖赏敏感性(即,更可能选择少而能立即获得的奖励),但这个效应仅在女生中存在。然而,女生的BMI能够预测他们在食物和金钱贴现任务中的表现,但不能预测其在开门任务中的表现。超重/肥胖组与正常体重组的冲动性差异仅存在于行为测量任务中,在冲动性的自我报告得分上无差异。此外,三种冲动性测量任务之间无显著相关。结论: 与正常体重女生相比,超重/肥胖女生表现出决策缺陷。目前,两组之间决策能力差异的原因尚不清楚,今后研究需要在此方面做出进一步努力。

Objective: This study aimed to assess whether overweight and obese adolescents are more impulsive than healthy-weight controls in reward-sensitivity task and self-report impulsiveness scale. Methods: Self-report scale and behavioural measurements were combined to assess the impulsivity of the subjects. Door opening task(DOT) and delay discounting task(DDT), were used for impulsive behavior. A related impulsive scale-Barratt Impulsiveness Scale(BIS scale) was selected for self-report impulsive traits. Results: For both behavioural measurements, overweight/obese participants (but not males) demonstrated greater reward-sensitivity(i.e., were more likely to choose a smaller, immediate reward) than normal-weight counterparts. Moreover, the BMI could make a predictor factor for their performances(area under the curve) on food- and money related DDT, but not on DOT. Differences in impulsivity were only found in the behavioral assessments, but not observed in self-report scores between the overweight/obese group and the control group. Further, no significant correlations were found among the three measures of impulsivity. Conclusion: Overweight/obese female adolescents indicated some decision-making deficiencies in contrast with their normal-weight counterparts. The reasons for their differences on decision-making remain unclear and require further study.

基金项目：

湖南省哲学社会科学基金(13YBA340); 湖南省教育科学十二五规划课题(XJK014BXL007)

作者简介：

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