Objective:To compare the H.R neuropsychological functions of urban and rural children and to elucidate possible affecting factors.Methods:57 urban children and 54 rural children between 6.5～7.5 ages were assessed on the Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery.Results:①The scores of Category,Touch Operating,and Proceeding subtests in H.R.B of urban children were significantly higher than those of rural children.②There were significant differences in parenting behaviors between the parents of urban children and rural children.③There were significant correlations between parenting behaviors and H.R.B performance.Conclusion:Parenting behavior could be an influential factor in the development of neuropsychological functioning in children.

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