中国临床心理学杂志

中小学教师的工作压力现状及其与职业倦怠的关系

作者：徐富明

分类号：G443

出版年,卷(期):页码：2003,11(3):195-197

摘要：

目的：探讨中小学教师的工作压力现状及其与职业倦怠的关系。方法：被试为367名中小学教师，采用自编中小学教师工作压力调查表和职业倦怠问卷进行调查。结果：(1)当前中小学教师所面临的工作压力较多、压力强度较大。(2）中小学教师的考试压力、工作负担压力、角色职责压力、聘任压力、职业发展压力、人际关系压力与情绪疲惫有显著的正相关；人际关系压力与少成就感有显著的正相关，与去个人化有显著的正相关。(3)人际关系压力和聘任压力对情绪疲惫具有正向预测作用；人际关系压力对少成就感具有正向预测作用；人际关系压力对去个人化具有正向预测作用，职业声望压力对去个人化具有负向预测作用。结论：中小学教师的工作压力和职业倦怠存在显著的相关关系，不同来源的工作压力对职业倦怠的三个亚成分具有不同的预测作用。

Objective:To investigate the relationship between teachers'occupational stress and burnout. Methods: Questionaiers about occupational stress and burnout were adminstrated to 367 primary and secondary school teachers. Results:(1)Teachers currently encountered more occupational stress and were under fairly great occupational stress.(2)Correlation analysis showed significantly positive correlation between emotional exhaustion and examination stress, workload stress, stress of social obligations and role, employment stress, stress of occupational development, stress of interpersonal relationship;and positive correlation between stress of interpersonal relationship and a reduced sense of personal accomplishment,and depersonalization.(3)Stress of interpersonal relationship and employment stress positively predicted emotional exhaustion;stress of interpersonal relationship positively predicted a reduced sense of personal accomplishment;stress of interpersonal relationship positively predicted depersonalization and stress of occupational prestige negatively predicted depersonalization.Conclusion: Teachers' occupational stress is correlated with burnout. Different occupational stressors predict different components of burnout.

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参考文献：

[1] Kyricou C.Teacher stress and burnout:an international review.Educational Research,1987,2:34-36
[2] Glenda MH,et al.Work stress,distress and burnout in music and mathematics teachers.British Journal Psychology,1994,64,65-76
[3] 于红晖.中学教师的工作压力研究,北京师范大学硕士论文(1996)
[4] 徐富明.中小学教师的职业压力应对策略及其相关因素的研究,北京师范大学硕士论文(2001)
[5] 徐富明.工作压力下的中小学教师--定性研究.山东教育科研,2002,4:47-49
[6] 徐富明,申继亮,朱从书.教师职业压力与应对策略的研究.中小学管理,2002,10:15-16

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