中国临床心理学杂志

广西壮族少年儿童心理卫生特点

单位：1. 南宁市第一人民医院广西南宁 530022
2. 南宁职业技术学院广西南宁 530000
3. 南宁市教育局

关键词：儿童精神卫生民族断面调查

分类号：R395.6

出版年,卷(期):页码：2005,13(2):183-186

摘要：

目的:探讨广西壮族儿童心理卫生特点。方法:采用艾森克个性问卷(儿童版)(EPQ)、Piers-Harris儿童自我意识量表(PHCSS)、儿童主观生活质量问卷、Conners儿童行为量表父母问卷和教师评定量表、儿童适应行为评定量表、儿少一般情况调查表对7033例4岁-16岁各民族儿童进行测试,重点分析壮族儿童的心理卫生特点。结果:壮族儿童的E分低于汉族(P<0.01),N分和P分与汉族无明显差异(P>0.05),自我意识和主观生活质量总分低于汉族(P<0.01)。适应商数与汉族无明显差异(P.0.05)。共检出各类心理问题2678例,检出率38.08%。其中壮族1614例(40.1%),汉族811例(33.4%),瑶族176例(41.5%),其他少数民族76例(32.8%),差异有高度显著性(P<0.01)。不同性别、年龄儿童在行为问题、自我意识降低、行为偏差上检出率有显著性差异(P<0.01)。农村儿童的心理卫生问题明显高于城市儿童(P<0.01)。结论:壮族少年儿童的心理卫生状况有与其他民族不同的特点,心理卫生问题的检出率处于较高水平,应引起有关部门和社会的广泛关注。

Objective: To explore childrens' mental health traits of Zhuang nationality in Guangxi. Methods: A survey was carried out in 7033 children aged 4-16 years of various nationalities with Eysenck Personality Questionnaire(EPQ), Piers-Harris Children's Self-concept Scale(PHCSS), Inventory of Subjective Quality of Life(ISQL), Conners Scale(PSQ and TRS), and Children Adaptive Behavioral Scale, with the emphasis on analysing mental health traits of children of Zhuang nationlity. Results: Children of Zhuang gained lower scores than those of Han in E disemsion( P<0.01) but no singificant differences in N and P(P>0.05). The scores of Zhuang were lower than Han in PHCSS and ISQL (P<0.01). There were no significant difference in scores of ADQ between children of Zhuang and Han. The rate of mental problems was 38.08%(2678 cases), among which rate in Zhuang was 40.1%(1614 cases), that in Han was 33.4%(811 cases) and 41.5% for Yao nationality and 32.8% for other minorities (P<0.01). There were significiant diffirences in kinds of mental health problems and behavior deviation in various nationalities, sex, ages children(P<0.01). The rates of mental health problems of children in rural areas were significantly higher than those in the city(P<0.01). Conclusion: Mental health situation of children of Zhuang are different from other nationalities and rate of mental health problems is high enough to draw social attention.

基金项目：

广西科学基金资助项目(项目号:桂科自0229059)

作者简介：

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