中国临床心理学杂志

大学生社会支持、自我效能与心理健康的关系

作者：马伟娜林飞

分类号：R395.6

出版年,卷(期):页码：2006,14(6):641-643

摘要：

目的:探讨大学生社会支持、自我效能的一般特点及其与心理健康之间的关系。方法:以880名在校大学生作为研究对象,采用具有较好信、效度的社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、一般自我效能量表(GSES)、大学生人格问卷(UPI)共3份测验量表对大学生进行测试。结果:①多因素多元非饱和模型的方差分析表明不同性别、年级、学科性质的大学生在社会支持上存在显著差异,进一步的多重检验表明女生显著高于男生,医科生显著高于文、理工科生,二三年级学生显著高于一年级学生;不同性别大学生在自我效能上存在显著差异,男生的自我效能显著高于女生;②社会支持总分及各因子分、自我效能总分与大学生心理健康总分呈不同程度的负相关(r在-0.067与-0.308之间);③自我效能与社会支持中的主观支持对大学生心理健康均有一定的预测作用,其中自我效能比主观支持对心理健康的影响更大(β=-0.278,β=-0.186)。结论:社会支持、自我效能与大学生心理健康有关,从而为大学生心理健康教育实践提供了启示。

Objective:To explore the relationship between social support,self-efficacy and mental health in college students.Methods:SSRS,GSES and CPI were used to assess social support,self-efficacy and mental health for 880 undergraduate students.Results:There were significant differences of social support of college students in gender,grade and speciality.And females were higher than males in social support.The sophomore and junior students had higher scores than the freshmen in social support.Medical college students had higher scores than those in the other colleges in social support.There was significant gender difference in self-efficacy of college students.And males were higher than females in self-efficacy.Social support and self-efficacy were significantly correlated to mental heath.Self-efficacy had more effect than social support on mental health.Conclusion:Social support and self-efficacy were widely and significantly correlated to mental health of college students.

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