中国临床心理学杂志

青少年工作记忆的年龄差异:脑事件相关电位研究

作者：张林¹ 刘昌²

单位：1. 中国传媒大学南广学院新闻传播系江苏南京 211172
2. 南京师范大学教育科学学院江苏南京 210017

分类号：B884.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2006,14(5):542-546

摘要：

目的:通过脑事件相关电位(ERP)技术来探讨青少年工作记忆的脑电信号是如何随年龄增长而变化。方法:以14～22岁的52名健康学生为被试,完成两种难度水平的空间和词语工作记忆任务。结果:①被试的反应时随年龄增长而逐渐变快,正确率在明显提高;②P200潜伏期没有年龄主效应,初中组在额区的P200峰值明显大于大学组;③初中组在枕区的P100峰值和潜伏期都是显著大于大学组;④初中组在枕区的N160波峰明显小于大学组,初中组在其潜伏期上显著长于大学组;⑤初中组在顶区的P300平均幅值明显低于其它两个组。结论:青少年工作记忆的年龄差异是呈不均衡变化。

Objecttive:The article analyzed how neurophysiological signals of adolescent's working memory(WM) change with increasing age.Methods:We recorded ERP from 52 healthy subjects aged from 14 to 22 years old in three groups.Our experiment consisted of 4 subexperiments and had two types of working memory tasks:spatial working memory and verbal working memory tasks,furthermore,every task included two levels of difficulty.Results:①Reaction time was faster with increasing age,there was significant difference in accuracy of complicated tasks in different age groups with junior high school group significantly lower than others;②There was significant difference between junior high school group and college group in frontal P200 amplitude and its latency had no significant difference in the three groups;③Occipital P100 amplitude was descending when age was increasing and there had significant difference in latency between junior high school group and college group;④Occipital N160 amplitude was increasing with age and the latency was descending with age and there was significant difference between junior high school group and college group;⑤Average amplitude of parietal P300 was increasing with age and junior high school group's was significantly lower than the other two groups'.Conclusion:Teenager's working memory changes unevenly with age.

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参考文献：

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