Objective: To explore the relation between personality, self-esteem and mental health status of armyman serving at aviation. Methods: 443 armyman were tested by Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ), Self-Esteem Scale(SES) and Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90). Results: Neuroticism was positively correlated with the total average of SCL-90 ( r=0.641,P<0.01) ; Extraversion was negatively correlated with the total average of SCL-90 (r=-0.232, P<0.01); Psychoticismwas positively correlated with the total average of SCL-90 (r=0.398, P<0.01); Self-esteem was negatively correlatedwith the total average of SCL-90 (r=-0.381, P<0.01); Neuroticism, psychoticism and self-esteem were in the regression equation (P<0.01); Neuroticism and psychoticism had direct affection on mental health (effect coefficient, 0.513 and 0.209); Extraversion and neuroticism also had indirect affection on mental health by affecting self-esteem(effect coefficient,0.216 and -0.261). Conclusion: Extraversion, neuroticism and psychoticism were the important factors which played director indirect role in mental health status of armyman. Self-esteem was an intermediate link between personality andmental health status in armyman.