中国临床心理学杂志

儿童数学认知的ERP研究

作者：苏润萍董选任艳玲王苏弘

关键词：儿童数学认知 ERP

分类号：R395.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2007,15(2):171-173

摘要：

目的：通过分析儿童数学认知的ERP波形特征，探讨儿童的数学认知过程。方法：选择小学二年级和五年级学生各20名，采用20以内加减计算及相应答案作为刺激内容，进行ERP检测并进行分析。结果：①两组儿童的ERP波形成分一致，计算时主要包括N1，P2，N2，P3，N3；答案判断时主要包括N1，P2，N2，P3。②计算时五年级儿童的N2下降支比二年级儿童下降快且P3潜伏期短。③错误答案的N2波幅比正确答案高。④计算时大脑两侧相关区域均有参与，颞、前额、顶枕部相继被激活，后期阶段主要集中在前额及顶枕部。结论：①不同年龄儿童计算时的ERP成分稳定且一致，其中不同年龄间的差异主要体现在N2下降支及P3潜伏期。②答案判断是一个不同于计算的认知过程，而且在正确与错误的判断上也存在心理差异。

Objective:By analying the feature of ERP in children evoked by simple calculation and answer judgment, to explore the process of mathematics cognition in children.Methods:Simple additions and subtractions within twenty was used as visual stimulus, twenty grade-two pupils and twenty grade-five pupils were investigated respectively.Results:①ERP waveforms and components were coincident for the two groups.Calculation ERP components included N1, P2, N2, P3, N3;judgment included N1, P2, N2, P3.②In calculation, the declining branch of N2 for grade-five fell faster than that of grade-two, and the latency of P3 for grade-five was shorter.③As to answer judgment, wrong answers elicited more negative N2 than that of correct answers, and there was no statistic difference between the two groups in P3.④When calculating, two hemispheres correlative areas all participated, and frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital regions were active one after another;in late phase, the focus was primarily on the forehead, parietal and occipital areas.Conclusion:①ERP waveforms and components are steady and coincident for Children of different ages, the differences mainly focus on the declining branch of N2 and the latency of P3.②The process of answer judgment is different from that of calculation, and there are mental differences between the judgments of right answer and wrong answer.

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