中国临床心理学杂志

不同亚型学习障碍儿童的言语及视空间工作记忆

作者：张妍¹ 刘爱书² 张修竹² 张岚³

单位：1. 哈尔滨工程大学人文社会科学学院黑龙江哈尔滨150001
2. 哈尔滨师范大学教育科学学院黑龙江哈尔滨150025
3. 牡丹江医学院

分类号：R749.94

出版年,卷(期):页码：2011,19(5):641-644

摘要：

目的：探讨不同亚型学习障碍儿童的言语及视空间工作记忆特点。方法：对163对不同亚型学习障碍儿童和正常对照组儿童进行比较，采用数字排序和计数广度测验反映言语工作记忆，采用视觉空间、视觉图形和视觉面孔工作记忆反映视空间工作记忆。结果：①MD、RD及RD/MD儿童的各项言语工作记忆指标值均低于对照组；MD儿童的计数广度高于RD和RD/MD组。②不同亚型学习障碍儿童的视觉空间、视觉图形工作记忆指标值均低于对照组；在视觉面孔测试中，RD组和RD/MD组低于对照组。结论：学习障碍儿童普遍存在言语及视空间工作记忆缺陷，但不同亚型学习障碍儿童具体缺陷领域和缺陷程度略有差别。

Objective:explore the characteristics of phonological and visual spatial working memory in children withlearning disorder subtype.Methods:The phonological and visual spatial working memory of 163 pairs of different subtypesof learning disorder children and normal children were compared.Arranging figure sequence and counting span weretested to reflect the phonological working memory,and the visual space,visual graphics and visual faces working memorywere tested to reflect the visuospatial working memory.Results:①The phonological working memory index values of MDgroup,RD group and RD/MD group were lower than the control group’s;The scores of counting span of MD group washigher than the RD group’s and the RD/MD group’s.②The index values of visual space and visual graphics workingmemory in children with learning disorder of different subtypes were all lower than the control group’s.In the visual facestest,the scores of RD group and the RD/MD group were significantly lower than control group’s,and the scores of the RD/MD group were significantly lower than the MD group’s.Conclusion:Different subtypes of learning disorder all havephonological and visual spatial working memory defects,but there are slight differences in specific fields and degrees ofthe phonological and visual spatial working memory defects.

基金项目：

教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金(10YJCXLX061)；黑龙江省教育厅人文社会科学项目(11544070)；哈尔滨工程大学校基础基金研究项目(HEUFT08012)资助

作者简介：

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