中国临床心理学杂志

大学生的孤独感与自杀意念的关系:来自内隐和外显测量的证据

作者：李欢欢¹ 2 骆晓君² 王湘³

单位：1. 中国人民大学心理学系北京 100101
2. 中山大学心理学系广东广州 510275
3. 中南大学湘雅二医院医学心理研究所湖南长沙 410011

分类号：R395.2

出版年,卷(期):页码：2012,20(6):805-808

摘要：

目的:探讨大学生群体中孤独感和自杀意念水平,以及两者之间的相互关系。方法:分层随机抽取广东省在校大学生共449名,采用社会和情绪孤独感量表中文版、自杀意念量表、Zung氏抑郁自评量表同时施测,再通过实验法,考察孤独感高低分组的大学生在内隐自杀联结测验(Implicit Suicide Association Test)上得分的差异。结果:孤独感与抑郁(r=0.290,P<0.01)、自杀意念呈显著正相关(r=0.266,P<0.01),层次回归分析表明,控制抑郁水平后,孤独感对自杀意念也有显著的正向预测作用(β=0.262,P<0.001)。高孤独感得分者内隐自杀联结测验中的IAT效应明显高于低孤独感得分者(F=7.58,P<0.01)。结论:自杀的内隐和外显态度具有同一性。除抑郁外,在大学生群体中,孤独感也是预测自杀意念的敏感指标。

Objective: To explore the relationship between loneliness and suicide idea in college students.Methods: A sample of 449 college students completed the Social and Emotional Loneliness Scale for Adults(SELSA),Suicide Idea Scale,and Self-Rating Depression Scale(SDS).51 subjects were distributed to two groups: High levels of loneliness group(A1 group,n=24),and Low levels of loneliness group(A2 group,n=27).Results: ①The scores of loneliness had significant positive correlation with scores of suicide idea and SDS at 0.01 levels.②Regression analysis showed that the standardized coefficients of loneliness to suicide idea was significant(β=0.200,P<0.001) even depression was controlled.③D scores in the IAT in A1 group were significantly higher than A2 group(P<0.01).Conclusion: Both implicit association test and explicit measures involved in suicide idea can obtain that loneliness may be a susceptible index for predicting suicide idea except for depression in college students.

基金项目：

中国人民大学明德学者研究计划(12XNLJ05);中南大学科学研究基金人文社科杰出青年人才(培育)专项资助(2011RWSK013)

作者简介：

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