中国临床心理学杂志

既爱又恨:节食者对高热量美食的矛盾态度

单位：1. 湖南师范大学教育科学学院长沙 410008
2. 湖南农业大学心理健康教育中心长沙 410128

分类号：R395.1

出版年,卷(期):页码：2013,21(6):907-911

摘要：

目的:探讨节食者对高热量美食是否存在两种强度相当的评价性态度。方法:采用ST-IAT范式和外显矛盾态度的评定方法,以不同热量美食词组、积极和消极形容词为实验材料,对60名大学生(31名为非节食者,29名为节食者)相应的态度进行测查。首先要求被试对美食词组做双维的评价性分类,然后进行外显矛盾态度的评定。结果:①在外显矛盾态度评定上,节食者对于高热量美食的矛盾态度明显高于低热量美食。②对于高热量美食,节食者在积极和消极评价分类上的反应时差异不显著,而非节食者差异显著;对于低热量美食,节食者和非节食者在两种评价分类上的反应时都表现出差异。结论:节食者对高热量美食存在两种强度相当评价性态度。

Objective:The experiment was conducted to investigate the strength of positive and negative associations of high-calorie palatable foods among the dieters.Methods:The paradigm of ST-IAT and explicit measure of ambivalence were adopted, using high and low calorie palatable foods, positive and negative adjectives as experimental materials. The subjects included 60 college students, of which 31 were non-dieters, and 29 dieters. First, Subjects were asked to make positive and negative judgment for palatable foods respectively. Secondly, subjects were asked to make explicit measure of ambivalence.Results:①As to explicit measure of ambivalence, high-calorie palatable foods were significantly higher than low-calorie palatable foods among dieters; ②For high-calorie food, reaction time on the positive and negative judgments did not differ significantly among dieters, however there were significant differences among non-dieters. In comparison, for the low-calorie food, dieters and non-dieters both showed significant differences.Conclusion:For high-calorie palatable foods, the dieters showed equally strong positive and negative associations, namely ambivalent attitude.

基金项目：

湖南省教育厅科学重点项目(11A076)

作者简介：

参考文献：

1 Gerding AL, Weinstein L. Taste ratings of obese people, andtaste preferences based on geographical location. Bulletin ofthe Psychonomic Society, 1992, 30(6): 509-510
2 Lamote S, Hermans D, Baeyens F, et al. An exploration ofaffective priming as an indirect measure of food attitudes.Appetite，2004，42(3): 279-286
3 Papies EK, Stroebe W, Aarts H. Who likes it more? Restr-ained eaters'implicit attitudes towards food. Appetite,2009, 53(3): 279-287
4 Roefs A, Herman CP, Macleod CM, et al. At first sight: Howdo restrained eaters evaluate high-fat palatable foods? App-etite, 2005, 44(1): 103-114
5 Urland GR, Ito TA. Have your cake and hate it, too: Ambiva-lent food attitudes are associated with dietary restraint. Basicand Applied Social Psychology, 2005, 27(4): 343-360
6 Papies E, Stroebe W, Aarts H. Pleasure in the mind: Restr-ained eating and spontaneous hedonic thoughts about food.Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 2007, 43(5):810-817
7 Hoefling A, Strack F. The tempting effect of forbidden foods:High calorie content evokes conflicting implicit and explicitevaluations in restrained eaters. Appetite, 2008, 51(3):681-689
8 吴明证，梁宁建，许静，杨宇然. 内隐社会态度的矛盾现象研究. 心理科学，2004，27(2):281-283
9 Craeynest M, Crombez G, Houwer JD, et al. Explicit and im-plicit attitudes towards food and physical activity in child-hood obesity. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2005, 43(9):1111-1120
10 Roefs A, Quaedackers L, Werrij MQ, et al. The environmentinfluences whether high-fat foods are associated with palat-able or with unhealthy. Behaviour Research and Therapy,2006, 44(5): 715-736
11 Bruin R. The Implicit Association Test as a measure of imp-licit c onsumer a ttitudes. Polish Psychological Bulletin,2001, 32(1): 1-9
12 Vartanian LR, Polivy J, Herman CP. Implicit cognitions andeating disorders: Their application in research and treatme-nt. Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 2004, 11(2): 160-167
13 Conner M, Sparks P. Ambivalence and attitudes. EuropeanReview of Social Psychology, 2002, 12(1): 37-70
14 杨青松，钟毅平. 矛盾态度心理机制的理论模型述评. 心理科学，2011，34(5)：1157-1162
15 周一舟，陈红，高笑. 限制性饮食的神经机制. 中国临床心理学杂志，2012，20(5)：642-645
16 Herman CP, Polivy J. Restrained eating. In: Stunkard IAJ,ed. Obesity. Philadelphia: Saunders, 1980
17 Aiken LS, West SG. Multiple regression: Testing and inter-preting interactions: Sage Publications, Incorporated, 1991
18 Lowe MR, Timko CA. What a difference a diet makes: towa-rds an understanding of differences between restrained diet-ers and restrained nondieters. Eating Behaviors, 2004, 5(3):199-208
19 Murdaugh DL, Cox JE, Cook EW, Weller RE. FMRI reactiv-ity to high-calorie food pictures predicts short- and long-term Outcome in a weight-loss program. Neuroimage, 2012,59(3): 2709-2721
20 罗跃嘉，王一牛. 现代汉语双字词感情信息评定. 中国科学院心理健康重点实验室，2004
21 Bluemke M, Friese M. Reliability and validity of the Single-Target IAT (ST-IAT): Assessing automatic affect towardsmultiple attitude objects. European Journal of Social Psy-chology, 2008, 38(6): 977-997
22 Stroebe W, Mensink W, Aarts H, et al. Why dieters fail: Te-sting the goal conflict model of eating. Journal of Experimen-tal Social Psychology, 2008, 44(1): 26-36
23 de Liver Y, van der Pligt J, Wigboldus D. Positive and nega-tive associations underlying ambivalent attitudes. Journal ofExperimental Social Psychology, 2007, 43(2): 319-326
24 Stroebe W, Papies EK, Aarts H. From homeostatic to hedon-ic theories of eating: Self-regulatory failure in food-rich en-vironments. Applied Psychology, 2008, 57(1): 172-193
25 Bargh JA, Chaiken S, Govender R, et al. The generality ofthe automatic attitude activation effect. Journal of Personali-ty and Social Psychology, 1992, 62(6): 893-912

服务与反馈：

【文章下载】【加入收藏】