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目的:探索注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)患儿在韦氏智力测验第四版(WISC-IV)中的特征。方法:使用韦氏智力测验第四版(WISC-IV)对56名ADHD患儿进行测试,并与健康儿童对比。结果:研究组的总智商显著低于对照组(t=3.486,P=0.001);在一般能力指数相仿的情况下,研究组在认知加工效率指数(t=4.344,P=0.000)及其分量表工作记忆(t=3.588,P=0.001)和加工速度(t=3.749,P=0.000)得分显著低于对照组;研究组"认知效率相对低下"发生率(66.07%)显著高于对照组(25.71%)(χ2=14.034,P=0.000);研究组在倒背数字广度(t=4.375,P=0.000)、译码(t=-2.422,P=0.017)和符号检索(t=-4.088,P=0.000)分测验中的表现较对照组差。结论:ADHD患儿存在认知效率相对低下的智力内部特点。
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Objective: To explore the cognitive defect feature of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) patients from Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-IV(WISC-IV)．Methods: 56 ADHD children were tested by WISC-IV. The results were compared with 35 normal developed children． Results: Τhe total IQ performance was lower in the study group than in the control group (t=3.486, P=0.001); while the performance of general ability index were similar between the two groups, the study group showed lower cognitive efficiency index than the control group(t=4.344, P=0.000） including work- ing memory(t=3.588, P=0.001) and procesing speed(t=3.749, P=0.000); the prevalent rate of “lower cognitive efficiency” in the study group (66.07%) was significantly higher than that in the control group (25.71%）(χ2=14.034, P=0.000）; the study group performed worse in digits backward(t=4.375, P=0.000), coding(t=-2.422, P=0.017) and symbol search(t=-4.088, P= 0.000) than the control group. Conclusion: ADHD patients show lower cognitive efficiency in their IQ profile.
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