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目的:对比ADHD儿童与普通儿童在序列线索化条件下返回抑制效应,分析ADHD儿童视觉选择性注意特征。方法:2(被试类型:普通儿童、ADHD儿童)×5(线索-靶子位置关系:靶子出现在第0-4次线索化位置)×2(反应类型:简单反应、辨别反应)三因素混合实验设计。结果:①在两类任务中,普通儿童反应速度显著优于ADHD儿童;②简单任务中,当SOA小于300ms时,普通儿童对靶刺激反应出现易化现象;反之出现IOR;当SOA大于600ms时,ADHD儿童出现IOR,但当SOA小于600ms,未出现明显易化;③复杂任务中,普通儿童反应速度优势明显,且随SOA改变,先出现易化,后转化为IOR,而ADHD儿童则未在任务中表现出IOR或易化效应。结论:ADHD儿童视觉注意返回抑制存在缺陷。
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Objective: To compare IOR effect of ADHD and normal children in detecting and distinguishing tasks with multiple sequential cues of IOR paradigm, and to analyse the characters of ADHD' s selective visual attention．Methods:: This research adopted a 2(participant type: normal/ADHD children)×5(cue-target positional relationship: the target appears at the 0-4th cued position)×2(response type: detection/discrimination)mixed design. Results: ①The RT of ADHD was usually longer than that of normal children in the same condition, especially in distinguishing task; ②In the detecting task, facilitation was observed in the normal children group, when SOA was shorter than 300ms. If the SOA became longer than 300ms, IOR appeared; For the ADHD children, IOR could be observed when the SOA was longer than 600ms, but no facilitation appeared with the SOA shorter than 600ms; ③In the distinguishing task, the reaction speed of normal children was superior to ADHD children, with the change of SOA, IOR and facilitation both shown up, which couldn' t been observed in the ADHD children group. Conclusion: There is visual attention deficit of IOR in ADHD children.
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